Passive Voice

 What is Passive Voice?

• The passive voice is when the subject of the sentence is acted upon by the verb.

Structure:

•     Object + Auxiliary Verb (to be) + Past Participle + (by + Subject)

Example:
Active: The chef cooked the meal.
Passive: The meal was cooked by the chef.

---

Why Use Passive Voice?

• Focus on the action: The emphasis shifts from who performed the action to what happened.
• Unknown or irrelevant subject: When the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant.
  Example: "The windows were broken."

---

How to Form Passive Voice

1. Identify the object of the active sentence.
2. Move the object to the subject position.
3. Add the correct form of the verb "to be" + past participle.
4. Optionally, include "by" and the original subject.

---

Examples of Passive Voice

• Active: Scientists discovered a new planet.
• Passive: A new planet was discovered by scientists.

---

When to Avoid Passive Voice

• Overuse: Can make sentences wordy or vague.
• When clarity is needed: Active voice is often clearer and more direct.
• Example: "Mistakes were made." (Unclear responsibility)

Read More

Class XIII

At the end of Phase F, students use oral texts, writing and visuals in various types of text with various contextual topics to communicate accordingly with the situation, goals and target audience/readers. Students produce oral, written and visual texts in structured English with vocabulary more diverse to discuss and convey desires/feelings/opinions. Students understand spoken, written, and visual texts for learning something/get information and for entertainment. Their understanding of the text deepens. Inference skills are implied when understanding information, and the ability to evaluate various types of texts in the language England has developed.

Read More

Adjective order

Do you use a lot of adjectives to describe things?

If you do, then you need to make sure it is in the right order.
Which one is correct:
· A) There are five big dogs.
· B) There are big five dogs.

The order of the adjectives is:
1. Quantity/number
2. Quality (such as “good” or “bad”)
3. Size
4. Shape
5. Age
6. Color
7. Nationality
8. Material

If you have an opinion, you can put it first, since it is the most important piece of information !

Adjective words:
· Quantity/number: one, two, three, four, five
· Quality (such as “good” or “bad”): best, good, standard, bad, terrible
· Size: small, big, tiny, tall, short
· Shape: straight, round, square, oval, flat
· Age: old, young, new, ancient, youthful
· Color: red, blue, green, pink, black
· Nationality: American, Japanese, Taiwanese, Canadian, Spanish
· Material: wooden, plastic, glass, brass, metal




























































More examples:

· The two small young white cats walked across the street.

· The short Japanese man was waiting for the bus.

· The best British wool sweaters are sold here.

· My mom bought me a beautiful, long, new, sleek, burgundy, Irish, woolen scarf.

Read More

Jenis-jenis membaca

Terdapat berbagai jenis-jenis membaca yang dilakukan berdasarkan tujuan yang berbeda-beda. Mulai dari membaca skimming, scanning, membaca intensif, hingga membaca ekstensif. Beberapa jenis membaca ini dilakukan dengan teknik berbeda yang memudahkan Anda untuk mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan.

Ini merupakan dasar kemampuan yang perlu Anda ketahui. Dengan mengetahui berbagai jenis-jenis membaca dan tekniknya, Anda bisa menyesuaikan kebutuhan. Seperti ketika Anda memerlukan informasi atau petunjuk dengan cepat, Anda bisa menggunakan teknik membaca tertentu yang memudahkan Anda mendapatkan informasi dengan cepat dan efisien.

Read More

Cause and Effect

 1. Cause and Effect followed by Noun

• Because of
• Thanks
• As a result of
• Due to
• As a consequence of
• Owing to

Commonly used sentence structures are as follows:

• Signal words + Cause + Effect

• Effect + Signal words + Cause

Examples :

1. Due to Alfy's cheating, he got a D from the lecturer.
2. He always gets punished because of his waking up late habits.
3. As a result of heavy rain, we canceled the camping event.

2. Cause and Effect Followed by Subject + Verb

    Signal words that are commonly used are:

• Because
• Since
• As
• For

 The sentence pattern is the same, namely:

• Signal words + Cause + Effect

• Effect + Signal words + Cause

Examples :

1. I didn’t go to Devi’s house because she was doing her office task.
2. My boyfriend and I canceled our date since he was playing games with his friends.
3. As it is still raining, we have to go home wearing our raincoats.

Examples :
Because of :  Used to explain the reason for something.

        Example: The flight was delayed because of the storm.
Thanks to : Often used to express gratitude or positive outcomes.
        Example: We arrived on time thanks to the clear weather.
As a result of : Indicates a direct consequence.
        Example: As a result of the new policy, productivity increased. 

Due to : Similar to “because of,” often used in more formal contexts.
        Example: The match was canceled due to heavy rain.
As a consequence of : Implies a direct effect or outcome.
        Example: As a consequence of his actions, the project was delayed.
Owing to : Used similarly to “due to,” often in formal contexts.
        Example: The event was postponed owing to unforeseen circumstances.
Because : Simple and direct reason-giving.
        Example: She left early because she was feeling sick.
Since : Can imply time or causation, depending on context.
        Example: Since the meeting was rescheduled, we have more time to prepare.
As : Can indicate causation or reason, often used in conjunction with a verb.
        Example: As the traffic was heavy, we arrived late.
For : More formal, often used in writing or speech.
        Example: The project was postponed, for the team needed more time to complete it.

Read More

Past Perfect Tense

The Past Perfect Tense is used to describe actions that were completed before another action or point in the past. It allows us to show the order of events in the past.

 Structure of Past Perfect:

Positive Sentence:

• Subject + had + past participle (V3) + rest of the sentence

Example:

• She had finished her homework before the movie started.

Negative Sentence:

• Subject + had not (hadn't) + past participle (V3) + rest of the sentence

Example:

• They hadn't arrived at the party when I left.

Interrogative Sentence:

• Had + subject + past participle (V3) + rest of the sentence?

Example:

• Had she eaten dinner before you called her?

When to use Past Perfect:

1. To show that one action happened before another in the past: The Past Perfect is used for the earlier action, and the Simple Past for the later action.

Example:

• He had left the office before I arrived. (First: He left the office. Then: I arrived.)
1. To emphasize completion of an action in the past: The Past Perfect can also emphasize that something was completed before something else happened.

Example:

• By the time she was 20, she had traveled to 15 countries.

Examples in Different Contexts:

1. Sequencing two past events:
• When I reached the station, the train had already left. (First: The train left. Then: I reached the station.)
2. Explaining reasons:
• She didn’t pass the test because she hadn't studied enough. (Reason for not passing: she didn’t study enough earlier.)
3. Reported speech (indirect speech):
• He said that he had seen the movie before. (In direct speech: "I saw the movie before.")
4. Conditional Sentences (Third Conditional):
• If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam. (Imaginary past situation.)

 

Common Time Expressions Used with Past Perfect:

• Before: She had finished her work before he arrived.
• After: They went home after they had eaten.
• By the time: By the time we got to the theater, the movie had already started.
• When: When I woke up, the sun had already risen.
• Already: She had already left when I called her.

Comparison with Simple Past:

• Past Perfect: Used to refer to the earlier of two past actions.
• Simple Past: Used to refer to the later action.

Example:

• Past Perfect: I had eaten dinner before they arrived.
• Simple Past: They arrived, and then I ate dinner. (Simple Past)

---

Practice Examples:

1. By the time we got to the store, it had closed.
2. They had lived in the city for five years before moving to the countryside.
3. Had you ever been to that museum before it closed down?
4. She had never met him until the party last night.
5. If they had known about the traffic, they would have left earlier.

 

Read More

Past continuous tense

 

The past continuous tense is used to describe actions or events that were happening at a specific moment in the past. It emphasizes the continuity of the action, indicating that it was ongoing at that time.

Structure:

• Subject + was/were + verb(-ing)

Rules:

1. Use of "was" or "were":
• Was is used with singular subjects (I, he, she, it).
• Were is used with plural subjects (we, you, they) and also with you (singular).

Examples:

1. Affirmative Sentences:
• I was reading a book when the phone rang.
• They were playing football at 4 PM yesterday.
• She was cooking dinner while I was watching TV.
2. Negative Sentences:
• I was not sleeping when you called.
• We were not talking during the meeting.
• He wasn't working on his project last night.
3. Interrogative Sentences (Questions):
• Was she studying at 10 PM last night?
• Were they playing outside when it started to rain?
• Was I doing the right thing by leaving early?

Uses of Past Continuous Tense:

1. Action in Progress at a Specific Time in the Past:
• At 8 PM last night, I was watching a movie.
• What were you doing at this time yesterday?
2. Two Simultaneous Actions in the Past:
• I was cooking dinner while she was setting the table.
• The kids were playing while we were cleaning the house.
3. Interrupted Actions:
• I was reading a book when the lights went out.
• They were having dinner when the doorbell rang.
4. Background Description in Stories:
• It was raining heavily, and the wind was howling outside.
• The crowd was cheering, and the players were celebrating their victory.

More Examples:

• She was waiting for the bus when it started raining.
• They were discussing the project while the manager was preparing the presentation.
• The dog was barking loudly when I entered the room.

 Key Points to Remember:

• The past continuous tense emphasizes the ongoing nature of an action.
• It is often used with "when" to describe an action that was interrupted.
• It can describe two or more actions happening at the same time in the past.

Read More

Reported speech

1. What is Reported Speech ? 

Reported speech (also known as indirect speech) is used when we want to report or tell someone what another person has said without quoting their exact words. Instead of repeating the speaker's exact words, we change the sentence slightly.

Examples:

• Direct Speech: She said, "I am tired."
• Reported Speech: She said that she was tired.

2. Changes in Tenses 

When changing direct speech into reported speech, the tense usually shifts one step back into the past. This is called "backshifting."

Direct Speech	Reported Speech
Present Simple: "I eat."	Past Simple: He said he ate.
Present Continuous: "I am eating."	Past Continuous: He said he was eating.
Past Simple: "I ate."	Past Perfect: He said he had eaten.
Present Perfect: "I have eaten."	Past Perfect: He said he had eaten.
Will: "I will eat."	Would: He said he would eat.

3. Pronouns and Time Expressions 

Pronouns and time expressions often need to be changed to fit the new context in reported speech.

Direct Speech	Reported Speech
I → He/She	"I am happy" → He said he was happy.
We → They	"We are late" → They said they were late.
Today → That day	"I will go today" → She said she would go that day.
Yesterday → The day before	"I saw him yesterday" → He said he had seen him the day before.
Tomorrow → The next day	"I will go tomorrow" → She said she would go the next day.

4. Common Reporting Verbs

• Say: She said that...
• Tell: He told me that...
• Ask: She asked if...

Examples:

• Direct Speech: "Are you coming?"
• Reported Speech: She asked if I was coming.

5. Reporting Questions 

When reporting questions, you usually need to change the word order. For "yes/no" questions, "if" or "whether" is added.

Examples:

• Direct Speech (Yes/No question): "Do you like ice cream?"
• Reported Speech: She asked if I liked ice cream.
• Direct Speech (Wh- question): "Where do you live?"
• Reported Speech: She asked where I lived.

Read More

Review text

What is a Review Text ?

A review text evaluates and assesses the value, quality, or significance of something, such as books, movies, products, or services.

Purpose
- Provides information to help others make decisions.
- Offers the writer's opinion based on experience and evidence.

Structure of a Review Text
1. Introduction : Presents the item being reviewed (e.g., movie, book, product).
2. Evaluation : Provides opinions about the item’s strengths and weaknesses.
3. Evidence/Examples : Supports claims with specific details.
4. Conclusion : Summarizes thoughts and gives a final recommendation.

Key Features of a Review Text

• Subjective Opinion : Reflects the writer’s personal judgment.
• Descriptive Language : Used to describe and evaluate aspects of the item.
• Comparative Statements : May compare with similar items.
• Rating or Recommendation : Often includes a star rating, thumbs up/down, or a final recommendation.

Read More

Application Letter

What is an Application Letter?

• An application letter, also known as a cover letter, is a formal document sent along with a resume to apply for a job.
• It serves to introduce yourself, highlight key qualifications, and explain why you're interested in the role.

Structure of an Application Letter

1. Header: Contact information, date, and recipient’s details.
2. Salutation: Greet the hiring manager by name if possible.
3. Introduction: State the job you're applying for and how you learned about it.
4. Body: Highlight relevant qualifications, experience, and why you’re a good fit.
5. Conclusion: Express interest, thank the reader, and mention next steps (like an interview).
6. Signature: Close the letter formally (e.g., “Sincerely”) with your name.

Tips for Writing an Effective Application Letter

• Be Concise: Keep it short and relevant (one page is ideal).
• Tailor the Letter: Customize it for each job application.
• Highlight Key Skills: Match your qualifications with the job requirements.
• Professional Tone: Use formal language, avoiding slang or casual phrasing.
• Proofread: Check for any spelling or grammatical errors.

Here are various kinds of letter styles used in writing:

1. Block Style

• Characteristics: All text is aligned to the left margin, paragraphs are not indented, and there is a double space between paragraphs. Business letters commonly use this format for its clean and professional appearance.
• Usage: Business correspondence, formal letters.

2. Modified Block Style

• Characteristics: Similar to block style, but the date, closing, and signature are aligned to the right, while the rest of the content is left-aligned.
• Usage: Semi-formal business letters, professional communication.

3. Semi-Block Style

• Characteristics: The body text is aligned to the left, but each new paragraph is indented. The date, closing, and signature are right-aligned like in the modified block style.
• Usage: Professional or semi-formal letters, offering a less rigid structure.

4. Full Block Style

• Characteristics: Every part of the letter, including the sender’s address, date, inside address, and salutation, is aligned to the left without indentations.
• Usage: Formal business communications, highly structured letters.

5. Indented Style

• Characteristics: The first line of each paragraph is indented, and elements like the date and closing may also be centered or indented. It gives a more traditional or personal tone.
• Usage: Personal letters, less formal communications.

6. Simplified Style

• Characteristics: This style eliminates the salutation and closing. All text is aligned to the left margin. The recipient’s name may be used as a subject line.
• Usage: Internal memos, very formal business letters, or when brevity is needed.

7. Hanging Indent Style

• Characteristics: The first line of each paragraph is aligned to the left margin, but subsequent lines of the same paragraph are indented.
• Usage: Business reports, formal but detailed communications.

8. Personal Style

• Characteristics: Informal tone, flexible structure, may include decorative elements or personal expressions.
• Usage: Letters to friends, family, or acquaintances.

9. Casual or Friendly Style

• Characteristics: A conversational and informal tone, where structure can be relaxed. Paragraphs are indented, and language is more expressive.
• Usage: Letters to friends or loved ones.

10. Email Style

• Characteristics: Direct, to the point, and often informal. Email format follows a standard introduction (greeting), body (main message), and closing (thanks/sign-off).
• Usage: Digital communication, work emails, casual exchanges.

Read More

Discussion text

What is a Discussion Text?

• A discussion text presents different perspectives or arguments on a particular issue or topic, allowing readers to form a balanced opinion.

Purpose
To explore both sides of an argument and provide the audience with a well-rounded understanding of the topic.

Structure of a Discussion Text

1. Introduction:
   States the topic and provides background information.
2. Arguments for (Pros):
   Presents reasons in favor of the topic.
3. Arguments against (Cons):
   Presents reasons opposing the topic.=
4. Conclusion:
   Summarizes both sides and may offer a final opinion or leave it open-ended.

---

Features of Discussion Texts

• Balanced Arguments: Discuss both sides equally.
• Impartial Language: Neutral tone, without strong bias.
• Connectives and Transitions: Use words like "on the other hand," "however," "in contrast," etc., to link ideas.
• Factual Evidence: Support claims with examples, facts, and statistics.

Key Language Features

• Present Tense: Used to state facts and opinions.
• Connectives: For contrasting points, e.g., however, on the contrary, similarly.
• Modal Verbs: Indicating possibility or necessity, e.g., could, should, might.
• Formal Tone: Avoiding colloquial language and emotional bias.

---

Example 1

Should Homework Be Banned?

Introduction:
Homework has been a traditional aspect of education, but some believe it should be banned due to its negative effects on students.

Arguments For:

• Homework increases stress and anxiety in students.
• Reduces time for extracurricular activities and rest.

Arguments Against:

• Homework reinforces learning and builds responsibility.
• It prepares students for exams and real-world deadlines.

Conclusion:
While homework has its disadvantages, it plays a crucial role in reinforcing learning outside the classroom.

---

Example 2 

Is Social Media Beneficial for Society?

Introduction:
Social media is widely used, but its impact on society is a topic of debate.

Arguments For:

• Social media connects people across the globe, allowing easy communication.
• It promotes awareness of global issues and movements.

Arguments Against:

• Social media addiction can lead to mental health issues.
• Spread of misinformation is a significant concern.

Conclusion:
Social media can be both a boon and a bane. Its benefits should be maximized while addressing the negative effects.

---

Example 3

Should Animal Testing Be Allowed?

Introduction:
Animal testing has contributed to scientific discoveries, but its ethical implications are often questioned.

Arguments For:

• It has led to important medical breakthroughs that save human lives.
• There are no perfect alternatives to testing complex organisms.

Arguments Against:

• Animal testing causes unnecessary suffering to animals.
• Advancements in technology can offer humane alternatives, like computer modeling.

Conclusion:
While animal testing has played a role in science, ethical concerns and alternative methods should be prioritized moving forward.

Read More

Recount text

 What is a Recount Text?

• A recount text is a type of writing that retells events or experiences from the past. Its purpose is to inform or entertain the reader.

Purposes of Recount Text

• To retell past events or experiences.
• To inform the reader of what happened.
• To entertain by sharing stories, whether real or imaginary.

Structure of Recount Text

1. Orientation:
• Introduces the background information: who, what, where, and when.
2. Events:
• A sequence of events in chronological order.
• Details on what happened.
3. Reorientation (optional):
• A conclusion or summary of the story.
• Personal comments or insights.

Language Features of Recount Text

• Past Tense:
• Events are written in the past tense (e.g., went, played, saw).
• Specific Participants:
• The text focuses on specific individuals or groups (e.g., "I", "my family").
• Action Verbs:
• Describes actions taken (e.g., walked, climbed, visited).
• Time Connectives:
• Words that show the sequence of events (e.g., after that, then, next).
• Adverbials of Time & Place:
• Provides information about when and where the events happened (e.g., yesterday, last week, in the park).

Common Types of Recount Text

1. Personal Recount:
• Retelling personal experiences (e.g., a holiday or special event).
2. Factual Recount:
• Recording factual events, often for the public (e.g., historical events or news reports).
3. Imaginative Recount:
• Telling an imaginary story from the perspective of someone or something (e.g., recounting a day as a superhero).

Writing Tips for Recount Text

• Plan the sequence of events before writing.
• Use past tense consistently throughout.
• Include details to make the recount interesting.
• Use time connectives to show the order of events clearly.

Example 1 :

Personal Recount

My Holiday to the Beach

Orientation:
Last summer, I went to Bali with my family for a vacation.

Events:
We arrived on Monday afternoon. The weather was sunny, and the beach looked beautiful.
On the first day, we swam in the ocean. After that, we built sandcastles and collected seashells.
The next day, we visited a local market and bought souvenirs. Later, we had lunch at a seafood restaurant near the beach.

Reorientation:
It was a fantastic holiday, and I can’t wait to go back next year!

Example 2 :

Historical Recount

The Wright Brothers’ First Flight

Orientation:
In 1903, two brothers, Orville and Wilbur Wright, made the first controlled flight of a powered aircraft.

Events:

On December 17, 1903, they tested their plane in Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.

Orville was the first to fly, and the flight lasted for 12 seconds, covering 120 feet.

They made three more flights that day, and Wilbur’s final flight was the longest, lasting 59 seconds and covering 852 feet.

Reorientation:
Their success marked the beginning of the modern aviation industry.

Read More

Exposition text

Definition

Exposition text is a type of writing that explains knowledge or information based on facts to convince the audience or interlocutor. 

The information in this text is generally conveyed briefly, clearly, concisely, but still accurately. Not only that, if you create expository text, you also have to be sure that you can account for the contents of the text.

Purpose of Exposition Text
The purpose of this text is :

• to explain information or ideas regarding various aspects of life (economics, environment, health, etc. ).
• to influence readers to agree with the opinions expressed by the author in responding to an issue.

Types of Exposition Text in English

1. Analytical Exposition

The first type is analytical exposition . So, analytical exposition is an exposition text that begins with a statement from the author to show their attitude and position in responding to an issue or theme that will be discussed.

Next, the author will express many opinions and arguments as support for the opinion that was written at the beginning, then the author closes or ends the writing with a restatement such as the opinion at the beginning as a form of confirmation that he wants to convey to the audience.

2. Hortatory Exposition

It's actually quite easy to differentiate between analytical exposition and hortatory exposition . If analytical exposition begins with the author's statement, then hortatory exposition is a type of exposition text that begins with a statement in the form of a current or viral issue to be turned into the theme of the writing.

If so, the author will state various supporting arguments that are relevant to the theme of the article to make the reader better understand the author's point of view. Finally, the text will close with suggestions from the author regarding what the audience should do in responding to the issues that have been discussed.

General Structure of Exposition Text

1. Thesis

In general, in Indonesian, this section is also called a general statement which acts as an opening in an exposition text. Through a thesis statement , the author will usually begin to introduce the issue, topic, or author's view of a topic that will be discussed in the text.

So that the theme or topic that will be discussed can make the audience more interested, don't forget to do research first.

2. Arguments

After introducing the issue, of course the next stage is to convey the arguments or opinions you have to support the issue or topic of the article.

In this case, arguments can take the form of personal opinions, logical reasons, relevant data from trusted sources, expert statements, or other supporting facts. Don't forget, the arguments you put forward must be related to the thesis that you have created!

3. Reiteration

In various other texts, we are familiar with the term conclusion . So, in exposition text , the name is reiteration , this section contains the author's conclusion or conclusion regarding the entire topic discussed at the beginning.

Language Features

1. Use simple present tense
2. Use conjunction

    For example : so , therefore, the reason , etc.
3. Use a lot of cause and effect word (causal conjunctions). 

    For example : because of
4. Use connective words

  Examples of connecting words include even though, although, however, nevertheless, on the   contrary, on the other hand , and many more.

5. Use vocabularies to express writer’s expression
    For example : think, must, try, need, important, and so on so forth .

https://www.english-academy.id

Read More

Descriptive text

What's Descriptive Text ?
👭

Descriptive Text is a text which says what a person or a thing is like.

Generic Structure of Descriptive Text
When writing descriptive text, there are some generic structures (actually not mandatory) for our writing to be true. The arrangement is :

Read More

Narrative text_Cinderella

Once upon a time, there was a beautiful girl named Cinderella. She lived with her wicked stepmother and two stepsisters. They treated Cinderella very badly. One day, they were invited for a grand ball in the king’s palace. But Cinderella’s stepmother would not let her go. Cinderella was made to sew new party gowns for her stepmother and stepsisters, and curl their hair. They then went to the ball, leaving Cinderella alone at home.

Cinderella felt very sad and began to cry. Suddenly, a fairy godmother appeared and said, “Don’t cry, Cinderella! I will send you to the ball!” But Cinderella was sad. She said, “I don’t have a gown to wear for the ball!” The fairy godmother waved her magic wand and changed Cinderella’s old clothes into a beautiful new gown! The fairy godmother then touched Cinderella’s feet with the magic wand. And lo! She had beautiful glass slippers! “How will I go to the grand ball?” asked Cinderella. The fairy godmother found six mice playing near a pumpkin, in the kitchen. She touched them with her magic wand and the mice became four shiny black horses and two coachmen and the pumpkin turned into a golden coach. Cinderella was overjoyed and set off for the ball in the coach drawn by the six black horses. Before leaving. the fairy godmother said, “Cinderella, this magic will only last until midnight! You must reach home by then!”

When Cinderella entered the palace, everybody was struck by her beauty. Nobody, not even Cinderella’s stepmother or stepsisters, knew who she really was in her pretty clothes and shoes. The handsome prince also saw her and fell in love with Cinderella. He went to her and asked, “Do you want to dance?” And Cinderella said, “Yes!” The prince danced with her all night and nobody recognized the beautiful dancer. Cinderella was so happy dancing with the prince that she almost forgot what the fairy godmother had said. At the last moment, Cinderella remembered her fairy godmother’s words and she rushed to go home. “Oh! I must go!” she cried and ran out of the palace. One of her glass slippers came off but Cinderella did not turn back for it. She reached home just as the clock struck twelve. Her coach turned back into a pumpkin, the horses into mice and her fine ball gown into rags. Her stepmother and stepsisters reached home shortly after that. They were talking about the beautiful lady who had been dancing with the prince.

The prince had fallen in love with Cinderella and wanted to find out who the beautiful girl was, but he did not even know her name. He found the glass slipper that had come off Cinderella’s foot as she ran home. The prince said, “I will find her. The lady whose foot fits this slipper will be the one I marry!” The next day, the prince and his servants took the glass slipper and went to all the houses in the kingdom. They wanted to find the lady whose feet would fit in the slipper. All the women in the kingdom tried the slipper but it would not fit any of them. Cinderella’s stepsisters also tried on the little glass slipper. They tried to squeeze their feet and push hard into the slipper, but the servant was afraid the slipper would break. Cinderella’s stepmother would not let her try the slipper on, but the prince saw her and said, “Let her also try on the slipper!” The slipper fit her perfectly. The prince recognized her from the ball. He married Cinderella and together they lived happily ever after.

 

Read More

Narrative text

 What is Narrative Text ?

Narrative text is a type of text that tells a story. It can be a true story or a fictional story. Narrative text usually has a beginning, a middle, and an end. The beginning introduces the characters, setting, and the conflict. The middle is where the conflict is developed and the characters try to solve the problem. The end is where the conflict is resolved and the story is finished.

Generic Structure of Narrative Text

Narrative text has 3 generic structures:

a) Orientation

This is the introduction of the story. It introduces the characters, setting, and 

the conflict.

b) Complication

This is the main part of the story. It is where the conflict is developed and the 

characters try to solve the problem.

c) Resolution

This is the end of the story. It is where the conflict is resolved and the story is 

finished.

Language Features of Narrative Text

Narrative text usually uses past tense verbs. It also uses action verbs to describe the events in the story. Narrative text also uses linking words and phrases to connect the events in the story.

Examples of Narrative Text

There are many examples of narrative text. Some common examples are:

• Fairy tales
• Folktales
• Legends
• Myths
• Short stories
• Novels

Conclusion

Narrative text is a type of text that tells a story. It can be a true story or a fictional story. Narrative text usually has a beginning, a middle, and an end. It uses past tense verbs, action verbs, and linking words and phrases.

Read More